Method of making valves



Oct. 23, 1928. 1,688,423

R. JARDINE METHOD OF MAKING VALVES Filed Deo. 20, 1924 [595% B5/M @l Patented oer. 23, 1928.

UNiTED STATES lParr;NT former..

ROBERT JARDINE, orinnTnorT, MICHIGAN, AgssrGNonv To RICH TooL COMPANY, or.

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, k.A CORPORATION' OF ILLINOIS.

METHOD or- MAKI'NG VALVES.4 e

Application inea December 20,. 1924. Sergei No 757,233.

This invention relates to valves for combustion engines, and the method of making the saine. 1 Y

One of the objects of the invention'is the provision of a new and improved method of bled, one that will retain the rigid relation between the parts in all conditions of service, and that is not likely to become broken or del fective while in use.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an elevation of the valve and head in assembled relation, before the head is secured in permanent position on the stem, with parts in section;

2 is a side elevation ofthe valve and dies in the position of clamping the head on the stem; p

Fig. 3 is a similar view, showing the linal step in the process of securing the head on the stem,vwith parts in section; and f Fig. 4 is a plan view of the finished valve.

On the drawings, the reference character 10 designates a valve stem providedfin the usual manner with a shoulder 11. The valve head 13 may be composed of any suitablematerial. Preferably it is madeof a suitable non-oxidizing material, and vmay be thin enough to be stamped from sheet metal. The head may comprise one or more rigid or slightly resilient disks. In the form of the device selected to illustrate one embodiment of the invention the head is composed'of a comparatively rigid disk of non-oxidizing material. l

In the process of manufacturing the valve the stem with the shoulder 11 is heated, the disk or head 13 placed thereon, as shown in Fig. 1, and the outer end 14 of the valve is headed over by 'suitable means, as by the dies 15 and 16 to form the cap or head 17 as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

`While I have shown the shoulder 11 as being formed prior to the formation of the cap 17 it is understood that it is immaterial so far as the invention is concerned whether the shoulder be formed before, after or simultaneouslyi with the capiorhead 17,-@so long Vthe valve head 13`is ciamped between two distorted portions of the stem, as clearly shown inliig. 2. -Preferably this operation is performed while the head is relatively cold and the stem heated in the usual manner.`

It is common practice to secure a stem to a valve head byheating the stem and distorting its outer end to clamp the cold valve head in position against a shoulder on the stem. The

contraction of the heated stem on cooling will clamp thedisk or valve head 13 between the cap or head 17 and theY shoulder 11 with a tremendous force.y The usual method of heading over the end of the valve stem will Yswagetheneck or portion 18 of the stem between the'shoulder 1l and cap or-head 17 and cause an intimate contact of the contiguous 1 particles, but the cooling lof the stem at this point disrupts this intimate contact and consequently at high temperatures the head is likely to work loose on the stem. In order to avoid this diiliculty the head and stem after being assembled as shown in F ig. 2 in the manner just described, are heated and placed in dies 21 and 22 andsubjected to a great pres- .sure which further yupsets the neck portion 18, forcing the adjacenty surfaces of the neck and valve head into extremely intimatecontact. This operation may further distort the head 17 or shoulder 11 or both, depending on the shape or form of the dies.

Since the stem and valve head will expand `and contract together, the intimate contact of the particles ofthe neck 18 andy disk or valve head will be maintained at-all temperatures, and hence there willr be no ytendency of the two to pull apart and the valve head become loose on the stein. f

If desired, the headed portion 23 of the finished valve may be provided with recesses 24 for the engagement of a tool for rotating or grinding the same as is usual in such constructions.

The valve head 13 is preferably, though not necessarily, stamped from sheet metal, and

valve'stems which consists in `heating said` stem', securing a head thereon while in an unheated condition` by clamping the same between a yshoulder and'head formed on said stein while the sanne is hot, heating said stem "and head and pressing .said head and shoulder toward each other.

2. A niethod of securing avalve head'on a steniwhieh vconsists in clamping the Valve head while in an unheated condition between a shoulder and a head on the stenngheating the stern and head, and then subjecting the head of the stem to pressure in the direction of said head. v

3. A method of securing a Valve head to a stein whicheonsists in heating said stein, 'fastening a Valve .head while in an unheated condition to .said stein by distorting the stein at each side of saidv Valve-head whiiesaid steni is hot, heating the Valve head and stein together, and ,further distorting the stem` tiveiy coid to the end of a stein between two distorted portions thereof while said stem is in heated condition,Vv and then heating said valve head and stein, and forcing the outer distorted portion of said stein inwardly, against said head by pressure.

In Vtestimony whereo'lI I aiiix my signature ROBERT JARDINE.'- 

